We examine civic engagement among immigrants and native-born adults in the United States (U.S.) and Germany—world-leading nations with different responses to immigration and assimilation. Civic engagement involves the practices and beliefs underpinning the democratic functions of citizenry, and is operationalized in this study as voluntary work or volunteerism, political efficacy, and social trust. Data for the analyses are drawn from PIAAC. Individual background factors—age, gender, education level, skills, immigrant status, and employment—serve as covariates in our regression models. Several cross-national differences were observed in the relationships among background factors and dimensions of civic engagement. Results are discussed regarding the role of adult education programs for supporting both the transitions of migrants and maintenance of democratic behaviors among native-born citizens.