Over the last few decades, comparative family policy research has advanced not only theoretically but also as an empirical research field. This chapter by Lohmann and Zagel contributes a methodological perspective to the field by providing an overview on existing approaches for comparing family policies across countries. The authors address conceptual issues, discuss different measurement approaches, as well as a range of existing databases and methods for aggregating family policy indicators. They propose several quality criteria which can be used for selecting family policy indicators for country comparisons in quantitative analyses. Similar to other policy fields, family policies may be operationalized and compared in several different ways. Two common empirical perspectives may be identified as distinct approaches for comparing policies across countries: the expenditures and the social rights perspectives. Lohmann and Zagel present the outcome perspective as a supplementary approach. Finally, the authors provide some path-breaking examples of family policy typologies and indices. They discuss how theoretical concepts in the field of family policy such as familization, defamilization, individualization or dedomestification can provide fruitful starting points for the comparison of family policy.