Chapter 7 - Modern Spectroscopic Methods Applied to Nanoscale Porous Materials

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Erscheinungsjahr:
2009
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Schlagworte:
  • ATR-IR and RAIR Spectroscopy
  • Microporous Materials
  • Raman Scattering
Beschreibung:
  • This chapter aims to provide a link between vibrational spectroscopy and nanoscale porous materials science and to review the recent achievements in utilizing Raman scattering and FTIR spectroscopy for studying the structure and guest-host interactions in nanoscale porous materials. The basic of solid-state vibrational spectroscopy is the interaction of light propagating through a solid with phonons-quasi-particles representing collectivized atomic vibrations that occur in crystals. Each phonon or phonon mode is characterized by wavenumber, wavevector, and symmetry, which are determined by the corresponding set of atomic vibrations. Raman spectroscopy is an inelastic light scattering process, consisting in a change in energy and wavevector of the propagating photon due to its interaction with the atomic vibrations. The application of Raman spectroscopy to as-synthesized as well as calcined products of hydrothermal treatment (HT) for different periods of time is rather efficient to follow precursor atomic clustering. The benefits of Raman and IR spectroscopy for studying nanoscale porous materials can further be explored by applying synchrotron radiation. The high brilliance of synchrotron IR radiation is essential for applying RAIR and ATR spectroscopies to characterize ultra-thin zeolite films, since weak IR peaks indicative for the formation of a zeolite crystalline phase are observable. The detection of formation of thin zeolite films, analysis of precursor clusters, and crystal-growth processes are also discussed. The type and degree of structural defects, guest-host interactions and surface modified particles, and investigations of sub-nanometric clusters embedded into zeolite matrices studied by these techniques are presented as well. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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