Doppler-free spectroscopy of metastable calcium in a discharge heat pipe

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2005

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We report on Doppler-free frequency modulation spectroscopy and polarization spectroscopy in a discharge heat pipe of yet unexplored transitions connecting the metastable P23 (4s4p) state of calcium atoms with the multiply excited states P23 (4p4p) and D33 (4s3d). Calcium vapor is efficiently produced in a heat pipe operating in a small Pyrex cell filled with 2 of neon. A dc discharge running at 500 V efficiently populates the metastable triplet states. Narrow resonances with bandwidths of a few tens of MHz with excellent signal-to-noise ratios are observed, well suited as references for laser frequency stabilization. Examination of the Zeeman shifts lets us determine the Land g factors of the excited states and compare them with the predictions based on the Russel-Saunders coupling scheme. We describe an economic, simple, and robust experimental setup that should work for other alkaline-earth-metal atoms like Mg and Sr, as well as for other solid elements with insufficient vapor pressures at room temperature. © 2005 The American Physical Society.

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