Project: PRIMAVERA - Development of a new generation of advanced and well-evaluated high-resolution global climate models, capable of simulating and predicting regional climate with unprecedented fidelity, for the benefit of governments, business and society in general. https://www.primavera-h2020.eu/ Summary: The MPI-ESM1.2-ER configuration is designed to facilitate research on ocean eddies that are explicitly resolved. Three realizations of the historical experiment exist. The natural forcing includes variations of the Earth orbit, variability in spectral solar irradiance, seasonally varying natural tropospheric aerosols, and stratospheric aerosols from volcanic eruptions. The anthropogenic forcing includes five well-mixed greenhouse gases CO2, CH4, N2O, CFC-11, and CFC-12 as well as O3 and anthropogenic sulfate aerosols. The MPI-ESM1.2-ER climate model includes the following components: aerosol: none, prescribed MACv2-SP, atmos: ECHAM6.3 (spectral T127/L95; 384 × 192 longitude/latitude; 95 levels; top level 0.01 hPa), land: none, landIce: none/prescribed, ocean: MPIOM1.63 (TP6M, approximately 0.1deg; 3602x2394 longitude/latitude; 40 levels; top grid cell 0-6 m), ocnBgchem: none, seaIce: unnamed (thermodynamic (Semtner zero-layer) dynamic (Hibler 79) sea ice model). The model was run by the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg 20146, Germany (MPI-M) in native nominal resolutions: aerosol: 100 km, atmos: 100 km, land: none, landIce: none, ocean: 10 km, ocnBgchem: none, seaIce: 10 km. MPI-ESM-ER is a coupled climate model that is conducted following the HighResMIP protocol. Atmospheric component (ECHAM6.3) and ocean component (MPIOM) of the MPI-ESM-ER are coupled with a coupling frequency of 1hr (via OASIS3 coupler). MPI-ESM-ER includes dynamic vegetation, and interactive carbon cycle, as well as advanced representations of atmosphere and ocean processes (Stevens et al., 2013).
