Causality in the tobacco and lung cancer controversy is briefly reviewed as background for Bradford Hill’s seminal 1965 paper on “Environment and Disease: Association or Causation?” in which he identified nine features of evidence that can help us to identify a robust causal inference. In applying these features to the Aerotoxic Syndrome (AS) evidence it is concluded that Bradford Hill would probably have assigned “fair” evidence for AS causality. Given the nature, extent, and seriousness of possible AS harm to crew and passengers, this strength of evidence is sufficient to take action to reduce the likelihood and extent of harm.
This paper is part of: "2017 International Aircraft Cabin Air Conference : Conference Proceedings". In: Journal of Health and Pollution, Vol. 9, No. 24 (Dec. 2019)