To what extent the conceptual tools of Brentano can account for the psychological processes whose discovery is usually ascribed to Freud? There exists, between the master Brentano and his student Freud, a fundamental opposition: the former rejects the existence of unconscious psychological phenomena, whereas the latter invokes them as a major explanatory principle of mental life. After the presentation of Freud's arguments in favor of the unconscious, the paper focuses on two neglected Brentanian concepts, namely those of association and disposition, and seeks to show that they can explain some phenomena whose study is traditionally reserved to psychoanalysis.