This cumulative dissertation consolidates the findings of studies exploring the interactions between sustainable forest management (SFM), harvested wood products (HWPs), and policy tools like REDD+ and FLEGT-VPA in Indonesia. The thesis emphasizes the importance of strengthening these linkages to ensure that efforts to reduce greenhouse emissions and address climate change align with the overarching aim of promoting the sustainable use of forest resources, particularly in Indonesia's tropical forests. The research considers the emission reductions from low-impact logging compared to conventional logging techniques, focusing on forest management methods tailored to the ecological features of managed forests. It argues that effective sustainable forest management requires a strategy that integrate both ecological and economic aspects, thereby enhancing the resilience and regeneration capacity of tropical forests to mitigate climate change and ensure long-term sustainability of forest resource. In examining strategies for carbon balance, the study considers the potential of HWPs offset logging-related carbon loss. Recognizing the negative effects of logging on tropical forest cover, such as slower growth rates and longer rotations, it argues that forest management practices need to be reassessed to minimize logging losses and enhance carbon sequestration efforts. The study emphasizes the importance of adaptive forest management techniques, such as optimizing harvesting cycle, reducing wood wastage, and promoting material recycling, to enhance the climate mitigation potential of HWPs. Furthermore, it outlines how product durability, processing methods, and recycling processes determine the carbon storage capacity of HWPs while advocating for the effective use of wood residues for energy generation and as a material substitute. The research then analyses the roles of FLEGT-VPA and REDD+ in promoting sustainable forest management in Indonesia. Combining these two schemes is projected to ensure strong forestry regulations, promote responsible logging, and increase carbon sequestration efforts. However, it also points out the limitations of FLEGT-VPA, which focuses mainly on legal Compliance without ensuring sustainability, highlighting the need for a holistic approach like the EU Timber Regulation (EUTR). Lastly, the study underscores the urgent need for effective monitoring mechanisms, accurate carbon accounting methods, and strong governance institutions to ensure the successful implementation of REDD+. In conclusion, this thesis argues that Indonesia can significantly enhance the sustainability of its forest sector by adopting innovative forest management practices, policy tools, and effective enforcement measures. By leveraging the synergies among REDD+, SFM, and sustainable timber use, Indonesia can contribute to global climate goals while simultaneously enhancing the economic resilience of its forest industry.