Families in Latin America have gone through a silent revolution affecting the role of women, leading to decreased marriage and increased divorce and separation, as well as out-of-wedlock births and more mono-maternal families. We argue that two problematic features of the region’s family regimes have deepened: an unbalanced patriarchal contract, and a divergence along class lines in how families adjust to confront a transformed socioeconomic landscape. The upper and upper middle classes exhibit a move towards a more gender egalitarian division of labour, informal yet childless first unions, less and later fertility, and relatively stable levels of mono-maternality. Lower-income groups see persistent early fertility with decreasing stable bi-parental families with a traditional sexual division of labour, while another increasing proportion witness the disappearance of men as providers. Despite some changes, the State has not kept pace with these transformations with adapting and expanding social protections to meet these forms of social vulnerabilities.