Global warming affects human security and social stability through multiple pathways (e.g., ecosystems, natural resources, weather extremes, sea level, water, food). Research has identified conditions and mechanisms that influence the climate–security–conflict nexus, often finding significant linkages between climate and conflict variables. Other studies raise questions and make socioeconomic and political conditions responsible for conflict or cooperation. Fragile societies with low human development and coping capacity, relevant divisions, and inequalities are generally more vulnerable to climate and conflict risk which can intensify migration and contribute to downward spirals of violence and societal instability. To contain vicious circles, integrated strategies aim for virtuous circles of sustainable development, cooperation, and environmental peacebuilding.
Global warming affects human security and social stability through multiple pathways (e.g., ecosystems, natural resources, weather extremes, sea level, water, food). Research has identified conditions and mechanisms that influence the climate–security–conflict nexus, often finding significant linkages between climate and conflict variables. Other studies raise questions and make socioeconomic and political conditions responsible for conflict or cooperation. Fragile societies with low human development and coping capacity, relevant divisions, and inequalities are generally more vulnerable to climate and conflict risk which can intensify migration and contribute to downward spirals of violence and societal instability. To contain vicious circles, integrated strategies aim for virtuous circles of sustainable development, cooperation, and environmental peacebuilding.